Forgot root password OpenBSD
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Dari pada ga pernah update blog mendingan apa aza dimasukin...
Forgot root password
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1. Boot ke single user more
boot> boot -s
2. Mount partisi / dan /usr
# fsck -p / && mount -uw /
# fsck -p /usr && mount /usr
3. Mainkan passwd untuk memasukkan password root
# passwd
4. Restart router
# reboot
File System Full
Pada suatu pagi di hari minggu, lagi enak-enaknya minum kopi ada telp
disuruh cek partisi pada salah satu router yang menurut informasi
terjadi kejanggalan dikatakan bahwa partisi /var full.
Tanpa basa-basi langsung cek n ricek ke router tujuan
Cek n Ricek
$ sudo tail -f /var/log/messages
Nov 22 08:56:58 GreenRouter-JKT01 /bsd: uid 1000 on /var: file system full
Nov 22 08:57:04 GreenRouter-JKT01 /bsd: uid 0 on /var: file system full
Nov 22 08:57:04 GreenRouter-JKT01 pflogd[11142]: Logging suspended: fwrite: No space left on device
Nov 22 08:58:05 GreenRouter-JKT01 /bsd: uid 0 on /var: file system full
Nov 22 08:58:05 GreenRouter-JKT01 pflogd[11142]: Logging suspended: fwrite: No space left on device
Nov 22 08:59:05 GreenRouter-JKT01 /bsd: uid 0 on /var: file system full
Nov 22 08:59:05 GreenRouter-JKT01 pflogd[11142]: Logging suspended: fwrite: No space left on device
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/wd0a 4.9G 117M 4.6G 2% /
/dev/wd0g 15.3G 74.0M 14.4G 0% /data
/dev/wd0e 9.8G 2.0K 9.4G 0% /tmp
/dev/wd0d 19.7G 2.3G 16.4G 12% /usr
/dev/wd0f 19.7G 19.7G -1007M 105% /var
$ sudo du -h -s /var/
109M /var/
Wah ini aneh hasil yang diberikan df -h dan du -h -s berbeda...
Cek lebih jauh lagi
$ fstat -f /var
USER CMD PID FD MOUNT INUM MODE R/W SZ|DV
root ksh 20619 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
asoel ksh 17578 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
asoel ksh 18941 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
root systat 27253 3 /var 675585 -rw-rw-r-- r 8100
root systat 27253 6 /var 1273220 -rw-r--r-- r 1294336
root sendmail 21369 wd /var 2494471 drwx------ r 512
root sendmail 21369 8 /var 675595 -rw------- w 70
root cron 6171 wd /var 1714944 dr-xr-xr-x r 512
root cron 6171 3 /var 675594 -rw-r--r-- rw 5
_bgpd bgpd 18359 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 18359 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 21279 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 21279 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_snmpd snmpd 2308 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_snmpd snmpd 2308 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_ntp ntpd 24212 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_ntp ntpd 24212 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_pflogd pflogd 11142 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_pflogd pflogd 11142 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_pflogd pflogd 11142 4 /var 2442524 -rw------- rw 21050293545
_syslogd syslogd 498 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_syslogd syslogd 498 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_syslogd syslogd 498 9 /var 2442508 -rw-r----- w 9019
_syslogd syslogd 498 11 /var 2442530 -rw------- w 11154
_syslogd syslogd 498 12 /var 1714950 -rw------- w 5679
_syslogd syslogd 498 14 /var 2442509 -rw-r----- w 0
_syslogd syslogd 498 15 /var 2442503 -rw-r----- w 0
_syslogd syslogd 498 16 /var 2442552 -rw------- w 9518
Ternyata ada sesuatu yang aneh pada pflogd
_pflogd pflogd 11142 4 /var 2442524 -rw------- rw 21050293545
Dilakukan P3K takutnya keburu tewas routernya maklum itu router berada di Jakarta...
$ sudo pkill pflogd && sudo pflogd
Cek n Ricek lagi....
$ fstat -f /var
USER CMD PID FD MOUNT INUM MODE R/W SZ|DV
_pflogd pflogd 6702 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_pflogd pflogd 6702 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_pflogd pflogd 6702 4 /var 2442512 -rw------- rw 10274624
asoel ksh 21256 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
asoel ksh 17578 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
asoel ksh 18941 wd /var 2 drwxr-xr-x r 512
root systat 27253 3 /var 675585 -rw-rw-r-- r 8100
root systat 27253 6 /var 1273220 -rw-r--r-- r 1294336
root sendmail 21369 wd /var 2494471 drwx------ r 512
root sendmail 21369 8 /var 675595 -rw------- w 70
root cron 6171 wd /var 1714944 dr-xr-xr-x r 512
root cron 6171 3 /var 675594 -rw-r--r-- rw 5
_bgpd bgpd 18359 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 18359 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 21279 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_bgpd bgpd 21279 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_snmpd snmpd 2308 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_snmpd snmpd 2308 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_ntp ntpd 24212 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_ntp ntpd 24212 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_syslogd syslogd 498 wd /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_syslogd syslogd 498 root /var 1818880 drwxr-xr-x r 512
_syslogd syslogd 498 12 /var 1714950 -rw------- w 5970
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/wd0a 4.9G 117M 4.6G 2% /
/dev/wd0g 15.3G 78.1M 14.4G 1% /data
/dev/wd0e 9.8G 2.0K 9.4G 0% /tmp
/dev/wd0d 19.7G 2.3G 16.4G 12% /usr
/dev/wd0f 19.7G 86.8M 18.6G 0% /var
Akhirnya file system /var kembali ke semula....system masih berjalan normal.
Dilanjut lagi ah weekend nya....
Note :
Jika ada waktu luang fsck -f -y /var pada single user mode
Facebook Blank via proxy (Pertolongan pertama)
=============================================
NB : squid 2.7 stable xxx
$sudo vim /etc/squid/squid.conf
http_port 3128 tproxy transparent
http_port act-as-origin http11 # tambahkan ini
server_http11 on # tambahkan ini juga
$sudo squid -k parse
$sudo squid -k reconfigure
Good Luck
8 Langkah Install MRTG Pada Debian-Linux
1. Install Paket
# apt-get install apache2 snmp snmpd mrtg
2. Edit /etc/snmp/smpd.conf
# vim /etc/snmp/smpd.conf
sysDescr Proxy Server
sysContact aagink@gmail.com
sysName aagink proxy
sysLocation Rack008
com2sec public default public
group public v1 public
group public v2c public
view all included .1
access public "" any noauth exact all none none
3. Restart service snmp
# /etc/init.d/snmpd restart
4. Buat config mrtg
# cfgmaker public@localhost > /etc/mrtg.cfg
5. Edit /etc/mrtg.cfg
# vim /etc/mrtg.cfg
hilangkan tanda # pada Options[_]: bits,growright
RunAsDaemon: yes
EnableIPv6: no
WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg
Options[_]: bits,growright
WriteExpires: Yes
Title[^]: Traffic Analysis for
6. Buat mrtg index.html
# indexmaker /etc/mrtg.cfg > /var/www/mrtg/index.html
7. Cek MRTG
buka browser http://10.10.10.1/mrtg/
8. Agar graph mrtg update per 5menit
# vim /etc/cron.d/mrtg
0/5 * * * * root if [ -x /usr/bin/mrtg ] && [ -r /etc/mrtg.cfg ]; then env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg.cfg >> /var/log/mrtg/mrtg.log 2>&1; fi
Membuat OpenBSD 4.5 Stable
Persiapan :
1. Kopi + Cemilan
2. Koneksi internet yang cepat dan stabil
3. cd openbsd 4.5
4. komputer yang mau di install
$ sudo mkdir /usr/local/src
$ sudo mkdir /usr/src
$ cd /usr/local/src
$ export PKG_PATH=http://openbsd.biz.net.id/pub/4.5/packages/i386/
$ sudo wget http://openbsd.biz.net.id/pub/4.5/src.tar.gz
$ sudo tar -zxvf src.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
$ cd /usr/
$ sudo cvs -danoncvs@anoncvs.de.openbsd.org:/cvs checkout -rOPENBSD_4_5 -P src
$ cd /usr/src/
$ sudo cvs -danoncvs@anoncvs1.ca.openbsd.org:/cvs up -rOPENBSD_4_5 -Pd
------------------------------------------
Jika muncul permintaan seperti dibawah ketik "yes"
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
------------------------------------------
$ cd /usr/src/sys/arch/i386/conf/
$ sudo config GENERIC
$ cd ../compile/GENERIC/
------------------------------------------
>>> Jika menggunakan multi processor
$ sudo config GENERIC.MP
$ cd ../compile/GENERIC.MP/
------------------------------------------
$ sudo make clean && sudo make depend && sudo make && sudo make install
$ sudo reboot
$ cd /usr/src
$ sudo rm -rf /usr/obj/*
$ sudo make obj
$ cd /usr/src/etc
$ sudo env DESTDIR=/ make distrib-dirs
$ cd /usr/src
$ sudo make build
$ sudo reboot
Hasilnya :
OpenBSD 4.5-stable (GENERIC) #1: Fri Aug 14 16:40:34 WIT 2009
Perintah dasar PF
Perintah dasar pf.conf
# pfctl -d >>>> disable pf
# pfctl -e >>>> enable pf
# pfctl -f /etc/pf.conf >>>> Load the pf.conf file
# pfctl -nf /etc/pf.conf >>>> Mengecek parse, ada yang error atau tidaknya
# pfctl -Nf /etc/pf.conf >>>> Hanya meload NAT
# pfctl -Rf /etc/pf.conf >>>> Hanya meload filter
# pfctl -sn >>>> melihat hasil nat
# pfctl -sr >>>> melihat hasil filter
# pfctl -ss >>>> melihat status table
# pfctl -si >>>> melihat staut filter dan counters
# pfctl -sa >>>> melihat semuanya yg dapat di tampilkan
# pfctl -vvsq >>>> monitoring
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